Korean lessons

This particle is added to nouns.

• ~로 is added to words ending in a vowel and also to those ending in ㄹ (for the ease of pronunciation).
• ~으로 is added to words ending in a consonant (except for ㄹ).

There are 7 ways you can use it:

1. By means of, by, with
2. To, toward
3. Language
4. A choice among many options
5. To indicate transformation or change
6. To express a cause or reason for a result
7. To express the order in which something happened

1. By means of, by, with

• 저는 펜으로 서명했어요. / I signed with a pen.

• 학생은 학교에 자전거로 갔어요. / The student went to the school by bike.

• 저는 그 의자를 손으로 만들었어요. / I made that chair by hand.

2. To, toward

• 오른쪽으로 오세요. / Come towards the right side.

3. Language

• 저는 중국어로 말했어요. / I said it (or spoke) in Chinese.

4. A choice among many options (example: ice cream flavors)

Waiter: 무슨 맛으로 드릴까요? / What flavor would you like?

Guest: 딸기 맛으로 주세요. / Give me strawberry flavor please.

5. Transformation or change

• 비가 눈으로 변했어요. / The rain changed into snow.
• 탐이 부장님으로 고용됐어요. / Tom was hired as the manager.
• 혜란이가 예쁜 여자로 자랐어요. / Hyeran grew up to be a pretty woman.

6. To express the cause or reason for a result

• 김연아가 올림픽으로 유명해 졌어요. / Kim Yuna became famous because of the Olympics.

7. To express the order in which something happened.

• 저는 첫 번째로 먹을 거예요. / I will eat first.

Source: https://www.helloinkorean.com/discover-the-7-usages-of-%EC%9C%BC%EB%A1%9C-in-korean/

네요 is used to express surprise, thought or impression regarding something. You have to add it after the verb stem or the past tense suffix.

Example sentences:

• 너 정말 예쁘네! / You are really pretty! (Note: 네 and 네요 are the same thing, but, by not adding 요 at the end, the speaker is less formal, as you may have already known)
• 이거 정말 맛있네요! / This is really tasty!

Vocabulary:

• 너 = you (informal)
• 정말 = really
• 예쁘다 = to be pretty
• 이거 = this, this thing
• 맛있다 = to be delicious

Consult this lesson from the Talk To Me In Korean website for more! I find this site really helpful and if you haven’t heard of it before you should definitely check it out. They also have a YouTube channel if you are interested in that!

몇 can be used, for instance, when you don’t want to specify the exact number of something. In this case, 몇 can be translated as ‘some’:

• I bought some flowers. / 나는 꽃 몇 다발을 샀어요.

몇 can also be translated as ‘how much/many’:

• How many apples do you have? / 너는 사과가 몇 개 있어요?
• How old are you? / 몇 살이에요?
• What time is it now? / 지금 몇 시예요?

Vocabulary:

나 = I (informal)

꽃 = flower

다발 = counter for flowers or plants

사다 = to buy

사과 = apple

개 = counter for ‘things’

있다 = to exist, to have, to be

지금 = now

시간 = time

• Please consult this list if you are interested in counters.